Objective: to assess developmental outcome using simpler methods like Amiel-Tison with relation to neonatal and maternal risk factors. Design: prospective study Methodology: The study was conducted at secondary care hospital in Mumbai with low resources but high patient turnover. In this study, 150 babies admitted to neonatal care unit (NCU) due to various problems were opted with consent and ethical committee clearance of the hospital. Neurological Assessment was done by Amiel-Tison method and babies screened for complications during regular scheduled follow up visits. Results: Preterm comprised 61.84% of the total cohort. Poor socioeconomic status and maternal risk factors like pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), antepartum haemorrhage (APH) were responsible for preterm delivery. Adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in terms of developmental delay was seen in 21.66% LBW and 25.53% of preterm babies. Of total 76 samples, 18 (23.68%) had abnormal outcome. Conclusion: Multiple maternal risk factors and social factors increase the risk of poor neurological outcome. Simple methods like tone assessment can be used for evaluation of neurological outcome with less expertise. Early intervention helps in preventing further complications.

[ABSTRACT]   Full text not available  [PDF]

Background: Congenital Heart diseases (CHD) are among the most common congenital malformations and are the leading cause of neonatal and infant mortality. Emerging data suggests that there are maternal risk factors which can increase the occurrence of CHD in the baby, many of which are potentially modifiable. Hence knowledge of those risk factors provides an opportunity to prevent CHD with appropriate intervention. This study was undertaken to contribute to the existing understanding by finding the correlation between various modifiable maternal risk factors and CHD in the offspring. Setting and Design: This was 1:2 matched case- control study, conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, MGIMS Sevagram, a teaching rural based hospital in Central India, from November 2010 to May 2012 Materials and Methods: 200 cases of CHD diagnosed on echocardiography and 400 age and sex matched controls were enrolled in the study. The history regarding various maternal risk factors was enquired using the same questionnaire for both cases and controls. Statistical Analysis: The analysis was done using EPI6 software, univariate and multivariate logistic regression model were used to establish the statistical significance of the association between risk factors and CHD. The association was considered statistically significant when OR>l. Results : Maternal history of fever, tobacco chewing, antenatal drugs exposure, bad obstetric history and pregestational diabetes mellitus were found to be significantly associated with higher risk of CHD in the baby.Conclusion- This study was aimed at improving the knowledge related to risk factors associated with CHD in a rural Indian scenario. The information can be utilized for prevention of CHD by a well-structured approach to identify and guide the prospective parents that could reduce the likelihood that their child will have a major cardiac malformation by the control of associated risk factor.

[ABSTRACT]   Full text not available  [PDF]

Neonatal Thrombocytopenia is a common Problem in NICU. Platelets are produced by megakaryopoiesis and Thrombopoiesis is bone marrow in adults but in neonates Liver and Placenta are the other probable sites. Platelets appear in foetal circulation at 5 weeks of gestation and reach the adult count by 2nd trimester of Pregnancy. Tpo and Interleukin-11 are important stimulator for megakaryocytes. Normally thrombocytopenia occurs in 1-5% of Newborns, with severe thrombocytopenia in 0.1-0.5%. Neonatal Thrombocytopenia is the result of impaired Platelet production, increased Platelet destruction and sequestration or the combination of both. Increase platelet destruction can be immune mediated or non immune, associated with other diseases. Immune mediated thrombocytopenia can be neonatal Alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT), Auto immune thrombocytopenia or due to maternal antiplatelet antibodies. The early onset Neonatal thrombocytopenia occurs within 72 hours and late onset after 72 hours with high risk of IVH. Thrombocytopenia is a risk factor for ICH (Intracranial Haemorrhage). IVH is more common in VLBW (Very low birth weight) infants and most are due to immune mediated Thrombocytopenia. History and clinical features are mostly over shadowed by the disease causing Thrombocytopenia. Platelet count is the mainstay of diagnosis. In Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia platelet antigen typing of father, mother and the baby is necessary. With a count below 30000/μlt. HPA (Human Platelet Antigen) compatible platelets is to be administered. In unstable eonates and with active bleeding it can be transfused below 50000/μlt. With a count of below 30000/μlt IVIg may be given regardless of bleeding.

[ABSTRACT]   Full text not available  [PDF]

A 2.5 year boy was brought with spastic diplegia, delayed attainment of motor developmental milestones and congenital ichthyosis. He had borderline intelligence. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral hyperintensities on T2WI and FLAIR sequences with MR spectroscopy showing a characteristic lipid peak at 1.3ppm. clinical and MR findings resemble those of Sjogren-larsson syndrome.

[ABSTRACT]   Full text not available  [PDF]

The weight gain of VLBW infants started on early aggressive Partial Parenteral Nutrition (PPN) was analyzed from January 2010 to December 2013. 141 VLBW infants were studied. Average weight gain (g/kg/day) was 16.2±2.2 (<1000g), 17.3±3.4 (1000-1250grams) and 16.8±2.9 (1250-1500grams) which is comparable to norms (15-20g/kg/day).

[ABSTRACT]   Full text not available  [PDF]

Background : Neonatal seizures or neonatal convulsions are epileptic fits occurring from birth to the end of the neonatal period. Neonatal seizures are a common neurological problem with a frequency of 1.5-14/1000 neonates. Neonatal seizure is common in this part of the Telangana and there was paucity of data from this area. Identification of etiology will help in management there by reducing morbidity and mortality. Materials and methods: This prospective study was done in NICU of S.V.S. Medical College and Hospital, Mahabubnagar, from Jan 2016 to Jan 2017. Term neonates with clinically identifiable seizure were included in the present study. This study was approved by institutional ethical committee and written consent was obtained from parents of the studied neonates. Results: Of 84 studied neonates, 46 were males and 38 were females. 29 neonates had seizures within first 24 hours and 22 neonates had seizures on day 2. Perinatal asphyxia was seen in 28 neonates and septicemia was seen in 21 neonates. Conclusion: Perinatal asphyxia was the most common cause for neonatal seizures in term neonates, followed by septicaemia and metabolic disturbances.

[ABSTRACT]   Full text not available  [PDF]

Testicular exstrophy is a very rare congenital anomaly.The exact etiology of this condition is not known.Replacing the testis and repair of scrotum is needed and is associated with good prognosis.We report a case of scrotoschisis along with review of the literature.

[ABSTRACT]   Full text not available  [PDF]

Full text not available  [PDF]

Full text not available  [PDF]

Full text not available  [PDF]